Do not be ignore / hide thyself the needs of others
22:1 lo-tireh et-shor akhikha ao et-seyo nidakhim vehitalamta mehem hashev teshivem leakhikha:
"You shall not see your brother's ox or his sheep going astray and ignore them. You shall take them back to your brother.
22:2 And if he does not live near you and you do not know who he is, you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall stay with you until your brother seeks it. Then you shall restore it to him.
22:3 And you shall do the same with his donkey or with his garment, or with any lost thing of your brother's, which he loses and you find; you may not ignore it.
22:4 You shall not see your brother's donkey or his ox fallen down by the way and ignore them. You shall help him to lift them up again.
22:5 The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman's garment: for all that do so [are] to'avat (abomination) unto YEHOVAH (יהוה) thy Elohim (אלהים).
22:6 If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way in any tree, or on the ground, [whether they be] young ones, or eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young:
22:7 [But] thou shalt in any wise let the dam go, and take the young to thee; that it may be well with thee, and [that] thou mayest prolong [thy] yamin.
1st Portion | 2nd Portion | 3rd Portion | 4th Portion | 5th Portion | 6th Portion | 7th Portion | Complete Reading | Tehillim 32
When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a maakeh (parapet) for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence.
22:9 Thou shalt not sow thy kerem (vineyard) with divers seeds: lest the fruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy kerem (vineyard), be defiled.
22:10 Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.
22:11 Thou shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts, [as] of woollen and linen together.
22:12 Thou shalt make thee fringes upon the four quarters of thy vesture, wherewith thou coverest [thyself].
Marriage violations (22:13-30)
22:13 If any man take a wife, and go in unto her, and hate her,
22:14 And give occasions of speech against her, and bring up an evil name upon her, and say, I took this woman, and when I came to her, I found her not a maid:
22:15 Then shall the avi of the na'arah (young lady), and her mother, take and bring forth [the tokens of] the na'arah (young lady)'s betulah (virgin) unto the zekenim (elders) of the city in the gate:
22:16 And the na'arah (young lady)'s avi shall say unto the zekenim, I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hateth her;
22:17 And, behold, he hath given occasions of speech [against her], saying, I found not thy daughter a maid; and yet these [are the tokens of] my daughter's betulah . And they shall spread the cloth before the zekenim of the city.
22:18 And the zekenim of that city shall take that man and chastise him;
22:19 And they shall amerce him in an hundred [shekels] of silver, and give [them] unto the avi of the na'arah (young lady), because he hath brought up an evil name upon a betulah (virgin) of Yisrael: and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his yamin.
22:20 But if this thing be true, [and the tokens of] betulah (virgin) be not found for the na'arah (young lady):
Cf Yochanan 8 The Woman Taken in ni'uf (adultery)
22:21
Then they shall bring out the na'arah (young lady) to the door of her
father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with
stones that she die: because she hath wrought folly in Yisrael,
to play the whore in her father's house: so shalt thou put evil
away from among you.
22:22 If a man be found lying with a woman married to an husband, then they shall both of them die, [both] the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou put away evil from Yisrael.
22:23 If a na'arah (young lady) [that is] a betulah (virgin) be betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;
22:24
Then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that
city, and ye shall stone them with stones that they die; the
na'arah (young lady), because she cried not, [being] in the city; and the
man, because he hath humbled his neighbour's wife: so thou
shalt put away evil from among you.
22:25 But if a man find a betrothed na'arah (young lady) in the field, and the man force her, and lie with her: then the man only that lay with her shall die:
22:26 But unto the na'arah (young lady) thou shalt do nothing; [there is] in the na'arah (young lady) no sin [worthy] of death: for as when a man riseth against his neighbour, and slayeth him, even so [is] this matter:
22:27 For he found her in the field, [and] the betrothed na'arah (young lady) cried, and [there was] none to save her.
22:28 If a man find a na'arah (young lady) [that is] a betulah (virgin), which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;
22:29 Then the man that lay with her shall give unto the na'arah (young lady)'s avi fifty [shekels] of silver, and she shall be his wife; because he hath humbled her, he may not put her away all his yamin.
22:30 (23:1)
A man shall not take his father's wife, nor discover his father's skirt.
Deu 22:1-4
(2) A fellow Israelite’s livestock.
- a concrete expression of the eternal moral principle to “love your neighbor as yourself” (Lev_19:18), and
- to “do to others what you would have them do to you” (Mat_7:12).
- natural tendency to ignore it because of the extra time and labor involved in restoring it. If the animal’s owner lived far away or was unknown, the finder could take it home till the owner came looking for it. The same was true of a lost cloak and other items that were found.
The same principle was to be applied in the case of a fallen animal (Devarim 22:4). Today this law would apply in any circumstance where a believer is tempted “not to get involved” with someone else’s needs (cf., e.g., James 2:15-16; 1 Jn 3:17).
Deu 22:5
(3) Transvestism.
The adoption of clothing of the opposite sex was forbidden because it obscured the distinction of the sexes and thus violated an essential part of the created order of life (Beresheet 1:27). It was also perhaps associated with or promoted homosexuality. The same Hebrew word translated detests (toebah, lit., “a detestable thing”; “an abomination”) is used to describe Hashem’s view of homosexuality (Lev_18:22; Lev_20:13). Also some evidence exists that transvestism may have been connected with the worship of pagan deities. Since this law was related to the divine order of Creation and since Hashem detests anyone who does this, believers today also ought to heed this command.
Deu 22:6-7
(4) Birds in the nest.
- teaching the Israelites to protect this food source. By letting the mother bird go they could anticipate the production of more young in the future. Obeying this stipulation, like obeying many others, would result in blessing (it will go well with you; cf. Devarim 4:40; Devarim 5:16; Devarim 6:3, Devarim 6:18; Devarim 12:25, Devarim 12:28; Devarim 19:13).
Deu 22:8
(5) A parapet.
Maakeh, parapet, battlement - A building parapet consists of a dwarf wall along the edge of a roof, or round a lead flat, terrace walk, etc., to prevent persons from falling over, and as a protection to the defenders in case of a siege. The mitzva of maakeh, putting a fence around the roof of a home, the owner are responsible for the safety , he is obligated to make sure there is a fence around the roof, to prevent the danger of someone falling off itThe roof of a house in the ancient Near East was used for a variety of purposes. Making a parapet on one’s roof would help prevent someone from falling from the roof. This then was an opportunity to “love your neighbor as yourself” (Lev_19:18) by being concerned about his safety. It also emphasized again the value of human life.
Deu 22:9-11
(6) Prohibition against mixtures.
The reason for these prohibitions against
- planting two kinds of seed in a field,
- yoking together an ox and a donkey for plowing, and
- weaving wool and linen… together
- a symbolic function in teaching the Israelites something about the created order.
- the mixtures mentioned in these verses may reflect certain pagan cultic practices.