Torah Mosheh 2:

Shemot /  שׁמות

Exodus Chapter 21

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Parashah 18: Mishpatim 21:1-24:18 

1st Portion | 2nd Portion | 3rd Portion | 4th Portion | 5th Portion | 6th Portion | 7th Portion | S:Maftir | A:Maftir | Haftarah | Tehillim 72

21:1(i) Liberty: Rulings enforce principles of the Ten Words

Veeleh hamishpatim asher tasim lifneihem:

Now these are the right-rulings which you shall set before them.

21:2

Ki tikneh eved ivri shesh shanim yaavodu vashviit yetze lakhafshi khinam:

If you buy a Hebrew servant, he shall serve six years; and in the seventh he shall go out free and pay nothing.

21:3 If he should have come in alone, he shall also go forth alone; and if his wife should have gone in together with him, his wife also shall go out.

21:4 If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him ben or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go forth alone.

21:5 And if the servant shall plainly say:

I love my master, my wife, and my children;

I will not go out free:

21:6 His master shall bring him to judgment set of Elohim, and then shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. And his master shall pierce his ear  through with an awl; and he shall serve him forever.

21:7 And if a man sell his daughter to be a slave, she shall not go out as the male slaves do.

21:8 If she please not her master, who has designated her for himself, then he shall he let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell to a foreign people, since he has broken faith with her.

21:9 And if he have designates her to his son, he shall deal with her as with a daughter.

21:10 If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish.

21:11 And if he do not these three to her, then shall she go out free without money.

21:12 And if any man strike another and he dies, let him be certainly put to death.

Bamidbar 35:11; Devarim 4:41-43; Devarim 19:2-3; Yehoshua 20:2-9

21:13 And if a man lie not in wait, but Elohim deliver [him] into his hand; then I will appoint you a place whither he shall flee.

21:14 But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; you shall take him from mine mizbeach (altar), that he may die.

21:15 "Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.

21:16 "He who steals a man and sells him, and anyone found in possession of him, shall be put to death.

21:17 "Whoever reviles (dishonor) his father or his mother shall be put to death.

21:18 "When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist and the man does not die but takes to his bed,

21:19 if he rises again and walks about outside with his staff, then he who struck him shall be acquitted. He shall only pay for the loss of his time, and shall provide for him to be thoroughly healed.

1st Portion | 2nd Portion | 3rd Portion | 4th Portion | 5th Portion | 6th Portion | 7th Portion | S:Maftir | A:Maftir | Haftarah | Tehillim 72

21:20(ii) Measure for Measure: means fair compensation

And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished.

21:21 Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.

21:22 "If men fight, and hurt a woman with child, so that she gives birth prematurely, yet no harm follows, he shall surely be punished accordingly as the woman's husband imposes on him; and he shall pay as the judges determine.

21:23 But if there is harm, then you shall pay life for life,

21:24

Ayin takhat ayin, shen takhat shen, yad takhat yad, regel takhat ragel:

Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

21:25

Keviyah takhat keviyah, petza takhat patsa, khabura takhat khabura.

burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise.

21:26 And if a man smite the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish; he shall let him go free for his eye's sake.

21:27 And if he smite out his manservant's tooth, or his maidservant's tooth; he shall let him go free for his tooth's sake.

21:28 If an ox gore a man or a woman, that they die: then the ox shall be surely stoned, and his flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall be quit.

21:29 But if the ox were wont to push with his horn in time past, and it has been testified to his owner, and he has not kept him in, but that he has killed a man or a woman; the ox shall be stoned, and his owner also shall be put to death.

21:30 If there be laid on him a sum of money, then he shall give for the ransom of his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

21:31 Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done to him.

21:32 If the ox shall push a manservant or a maidservant; he shall give to their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

Right-Ruling About Restitution

21:33 And if a man shall open a pit, or if a man shall dig a pit, and not cover it, and an ox or an donkey fall therein;

21:34 The owner of the pit shall make it good, and give money to the owner of them; and the dead beast shall be his.

21:35 And if one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it; and the dead [ox] also they shall divide.

21:36 Or if it be known that the ox has used to push in time past, and his owner has not kept him in; he shall surely pay ox for ox; and the dead shall be his own.

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משׁפטים - Mishpatim - Judgment justice, ordinance, right- ruling - 40 10 9 80 300 40 = 479 The mishpatim (Exo_21:1) are not the “laws, which were to be in force and serve as rules of action,”

Hebrew : the verb עבר, abhar, “to cross over” (people from across the Euphrates; compare Yehoshua 24:2) And Yehoshua said to all the people, “Thus said יהוה Elohim of Yisra’ĕl, ‘Long ago your fathers dwelt beyond the River – Teraḥ, the father of Avraham

On the penalty for violating the Torah: Irvim 10:28–31
On retaliation: Matityahu 5:38–42; 26:52
On restitution for thievery: Loukas 19:8
On loving our enemies and helping the poor: Loukas 6:35
Torahbreakers will be excluded from the New Yerushalayim: Hazon 22:15
Caring for the helpless and abandoned: Yaakov 1:27
On being honest and truthful: Ephesios 4:25
The fate of those who take advantage of others: Hazon 12:10; Yaakov 2:5–6
On avoiding all evil or sin: 1 Thessalonikeus 5:22; 1 Korintos 5:7–8
On the feasts of Shavuot and Sukkot: Maaseh Shlukhim 2:1; 20:16; 1 Korintos 16:8; Yochanan 7:37
On Yeshua at Sinai: Maaseh Shlukhim 7:38; Irvim 12:25–29
On the blood of Yeshua ratifying the Renewed Covenant: Ephesios 1:7; Kolossaeus 1:20; 1 Kefa 1:2, 19
On the Renewed Covenant with Yisrael: Irvim 8:7–13; 9:15–22; 12:24; 13:20
On the glory of YHVH-Yeshua: 1 Timotheos 6:16; Hazon 4:2–6; Matityahu 17:5; Maaseh Shlukhim 1:9